Patterns in genetic variation and character association of yield components in turmeric (curcuma longa L.)
Genetic variation & character association in turmeric
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25081/josac.2023.v32.i1.8589Keywords:
Correlation, genetic variability, hertitability, path analysisAbstract
Understanding genetic variability patterns of turmeric yield traits is essential to develop new genotypes with improved traits. The objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and association of various yield components in turmeric genotypes. The experiment was conducted for two seasons during 2021-22 and 2022-23 using 21 turmeric genotypes at ICAR-IISR, Experimental farm, Peruvannamuzhi, Kerala. The results indicate that the genotypes exhibited significant variation across two seasons for most traits, with the exception of collar girth, weight of primary rhizomes per clump, and number of primary rhizomes per clump, which suggests the presence of genetic variability in the genotypes. Maximum fresh rhizome yield per clump was recorded in the genotype, IISR Pragati. The Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) was found to be moderate to high for most of the traits except plant height, leaf lamina length, collar girth and fresh rhizome yield per plant, whereas, Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) was found to be moderate to high for all the traits except plant height. Heritability was observed moderate to high for all the traits except collar girth, number of primaries per clump, weight of primaries rhizomes per clump and fresh rhizome yield per plant. The petiole length, total leaf area, weight of mother rhizomes per clump and number of mother rhizomes per clump showed high heritability along with genetic advance. Correlation analysis suggested that weight of mother rhizomes per clump had a strong positive association with plant height, number of leaves, leaf lamina length, leaf lamina width, leaf area, total leaf area, and collar girth and had a weak positive relationship with fresh rhizome yield per plant and petiole length. The path analysis revealed, total leaf area, fresh rhizome yield per plant and number of primaries per clump have high direct positive effects with weight of mother rhizomes per clump. The high heritability and genetic advance observed for above mentioned traits suggest that exercising a simple selection could indirectly improve the low heritable low genetic advance traits such as fresh rhizome yield per plant as indicated by correlation and path analysis.
Downloads
References
Aarthi S, Suresh J & Prasath D 2016 Estimates of genetic variability, inter character association and path analysis in turmeric over environments. J. Spices Arom. Crops. 31(1): 1–23.
Aarthi S, Suresh J & Prasath D 2018 Variability and association analysis of curcumin content with yield components in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Electron. J. Plant. Breed. 9(1): 295–303.
Bijauliya R K, Alok S, Kumar M, Chanchal D K & Yadav S 2017 A comprehensive review on herbal cosmetics. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res. 8(12): 4930–4949.
Burton G W 1952 Quantitative inheritance in grasses. Proceedings of international grassland congress. 1: 277–283.
Burton G W & De Vane G M. (1953). Estimating heritability in tall fescus (Festuca arundinaceae) from replicated clonal material. Agron. J. 45:478–481.
Dawson T L 2009 Biosynthesis and synthesis of natural colours. Color. Tech. 125(2): 61–73.
Devaraja N S, Patroti P, Parashuram S 2022 TraitStats: Statistical Data Analysis for Randomized Block Design Experiments_. R package version, 1.0.2, <https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=TraitStats>.
Dewey D R & Lu K H 1959 A correlation and path coefficient analysis of components of wheat grass seed production. Agron. J., 51: 15–18.
Dey S & Nagababu B H 2022 Applications of food color and bio-preservatives in the food and its effect on the human health. Food Chem. Adv. 1:100019.
Gupta A K, Mishra R & Lal R K 2016 Genetic variability and character interrelationship among indigenous germplasm of turmeric (Curcuma longa). J. Herbs Spices Med. 22(2): 190–201.
Gupta A K, Mishra R, & Lal R K 2015 Genetic resources, diversity, characterization and utilization of agronomical traits in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Ind. Crop. Prod. 77:708–712.
Iweala E J, Uche M E, Dike E D, Etumnu LR, Dokunmu TM, Oluwapelumi A E, Okoro B C, Dania O E, Adebayo A H & Ugbogu E A 2023 Curcuma longa (Turmeric): Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and toxicity profiles- a review. Pharmacol. Res.-Modern Chinese Medicine. 100222.
Johnson H W, Robinson J F & Comstock R E 1955 Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in soybean. Agron. J. 47: 314–318.
Jyotirmayee B & Mahalik G 2022 A review on selected pharmacological activities of Curcuma longa L. Int. J. Food Prop. 25(1):1377–1398
Kandiannan K, Anandaraj M, Prasath D & Zachariah J 2015 Evaluation of short and tall true turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties for growth, yield and stability. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 85(5): 718–20
Kaur Y & Chopra L 2023 Natural dyes - An eco-friendly approach to textile industry. AIP Conference Proceedings 2558 (2023): 020041.
Lush J H 1940 Intra-sire correlations or regressions of offspring on dam as a method of estimating heritability of characteristics. Proceedings of the American Society of Animal Nutrition, 1940(1): 293–301.
Mishra R, Gupta A K, Lal R K, Jhang T & Banerjee N 2015 Genetic variability, analysis of genetic parameters, character associations and contribution for agronomical traits in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Ind. Crops. Prod. 76: 204–208.
Nair R R & Sasikumar B 2009 Chromosome number variation among germplasm collections and seedling progenies in turmeric, Curcuma longa L. Cytologia 74(2): 153–157.
Olivoto T & Lúcio A D 2020 Metan: An R package for multi-environment trial analysis. Methods Ecol. Evol. 11:783–789.
PPV & FRA 2009 Guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability on turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). India. http://plantauthority.gov.in/pdf/Turmeric.pdf.
Prasath D, Dinesh R, Srinivasan V, Senthil Kumar C M & Anandaraj M 2014 Research Highlights 2013-14 of Indian Institute of Spices Research. IISR. pp.20.
Prasath D, Eapen S J & Sasikumar B 2016 Performance of turmeric (Curcuma longa) genotypes for yield and root-knot nematode resistance. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 86 (9): 1189–92.
Prasath D, Krishnamurthy K S, Praveena R, Jayashree E, Leela N K, Sellaperumal C, Aarthi S, 2022 Turmeric (extension pamphlet). ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode, Kerala.
R Core Team 2022 R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
Ratnambal M J & Nair M K 1986 High yielding turmeric selection PCT 8. J. Plant. Crops. 14: 91–98.
Razavi B M, Rahbardar M G & Hosseinzadeh H 2021 A review of therapeutic potentials of turmeric (Curcuma longa) and its active constituent, curcumin, on inflammatory disorders, pain, and their related patents. Phytother. Res. 35(12):6489–6513.
Robinson H F. (1966). Quantitative genetics in relation to breeding on centennial of Mendelism. Indian. J. Genet. Plant. Breed. 171.
Sasikumar B 2005 Genetic resources of Curcuma: diversity, characterization and utilization. Plant Genet. Res. 3:230–251.
Sivasubramanian S & Menon PM 1973 Genotypic and phenotypic variability in rice. Madras. Agric. J. 60: 1093–1096.
Spices Board 2023 Available at http://www.indianspices.com/sites/default/files/Major%20spice%20state%20wise%20area%20production%202022-23.pdf.
Suresh R, Ramar A, Balakrishnan S, Rajeswari S & Kumaravadivel N 2020 Performance and evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes based on quantitative traits for tropical regions of Tamil Nadu. Electron. J. Plant. Breed. 11(3): 735–741.
Vinodhini V, Selvi BS, Balakrishnan S & Suresh R 2019 Evaluation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) genotypes for yield and curcumin content. J. Agric. and Ecol. 07(01):88–95.
Wright 1921 Correlation and causation. J. Agric. Res. 20:557–585.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 Raghuveer Silaru, Yuvaraj Kotha Madduri, Aarthi Sounderarajan, Prasath Duraisamy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
.