Microbial Consortium Promotes Growth of Zinnia and Balsam Seedlings Raised in pro trays
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25081/jfcls.2020.v6.6063Keywords:
Bacillus sonorensis, Balsam, Glomus mosseae, Pro trays, ZinniaAbstract
Zinnia and Balsam are flowering plants with high economic importance in floriculture. Inoculation of the planting medium with a beneficial microbial consortium is an innovative approach to produce quality and healthy seedlings in floriculture. In the present study the influence of a microbial consortium of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Funneliformis mosseae and a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Bacillus sonorensis on flowering plants Zinnia and Balsam in pro-trays under poly house conditions was investigated. Estimation of various plant growth parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, bio-volume index, vigour index, plant strength, fresh weight, dry weight and nutrient uptake was carried out to analyse the ability of the consortium to improve seedling growth. Microbial parameters such as mycorrhizal root colonization and spore count, and population of PGPR in substrate was also studied. The results suggested that inoculating the substrate in pro trays before sowing the seeds with the consortium increased plant growth significantly compared to the uninoculated plants.
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References
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[40] Meyer JR, Linderman RG. Response of subterranean clover to dual inoculation with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a plant growth-promoting bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. Soil biology and biochemistry. 1986;18:185-190.
[41] Jha AK, Pal N, Saxena AK, Singh D, Jha GK. Coinoculation effect of AMF and PGPR on growth and yield of onion. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 2005;63:44-47.
[42] Albrechtova J, Latr A, Nedorost L, Pokluda R, Posta K, Vosatka M. Dual inoculation with mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi applicable in sustainable cultivation improves the yield and nutritive value of onion. The Scientific World Journal. 2012; 1-8.
[43] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Hemlata Chauhan, Anshu Beulah Ram, Ashwin R. Synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and plant growth promoting bacterium Bacillus sonorensis on growth, nutrient uptake and yield of chilly. Journal of Soil Biology and Ecology.2014;34:50-59
[44] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Rao MS. Selected microbial consortia developed for chilly reduces application of chemical fertilizers by 50% under field conditions. Scientia Horticulturae. 2016;198:27-35.
[45] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Podile AR, Vaikuntapu PR.Bacillus sonorensis, a novel plant growth promoting rhizobacterium in improving growth, nutrition and yield of chilly (Capsicum annuum L.). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 2016;1-6.
[46] Anuroopa N, Bagyaraj DJ. Selection of an efficient plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for inoculating Withania somnifera. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. 2017; 76:244-248
[47] Chauhan H, Bagyaraj DJ. Inoculation with selected microbial consortia not only enhances growth and yield of French bean but also reduces fertilizer application under field condition. Scientia Horticulturae. 2015;197:441-446.
[48] Sailo GL, Bagyaraj DJ. Influence of different AM-fungi on the growth, nutrition and forskolin content of Coleus forskohlii. Mycological Research. 2005; 109:795-798.
[2] Altieri MA. Agroecology: The Science of Sustainable Agriculture. CRC Press; 2018.
[3] Vessey JK. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant and Soil. 2003; 255:571-586.
[4] Havlin JL, Tisdale SL, Nelson WL, Beaton JD. Soil fertility and fertilizers.8th Ed. Pearson Education India; 2016.
[5] Bagyaraj DJ, Jamaluddin. Microbes for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems. New India Publishing Agency; 2017.
[6] Glick BR. Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica. 2012;2012.
[7] Bisen K, Keswani C, Mishra S, Saxena A, Rakshit A, Singh HB, Unrealized potential of seed biopriming for versatile agriculture. In: Nutrient Use Efficiency: from Basics to Advances, Rakshit A, SinghHB, Sen A(Ed.), Springer, New Delhi. 2015; 193-206.
[8] Mahmood A, Turgay OC, Farooq M, Hayat R. Seed biopriming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: a review. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 2016;92(8).
[9] Anderson NO. Flower breeding and genetics: issues, challenges and opportunities for the 21st century. Springer Science & Business Media; 2006.
[10] Schoenborn L, Yates PS, Grinton BE, Hugenholtz P, Janssen PH. Liquid serial dilution is inferior to solid media for isolation of cultures representative of the phylum-level diversity of soil bacteria. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 2004,70:4363-4366.
[11] Badri DV, Weir TL, Van der Lelie D, Vivanco JM, Rhizosphere chemical dialogues: plant–microbe interactions. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2009;20:642-650.
[12] Badri DV, Vivanco JM. Regulation and function of root exudates. Plant, Cell & Environment. 2009; 32:666-681.
[13] Bais HP, Weir TL, Perry LG, Gilroy S, Vivanco JM. The role of root exudates in rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 2006;57:233-266.
[14] Bhattacharyya PN, Jha DK. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2012; 28:1327-1350.
[15] Palmisano MM, Nakamura LK, Duncan KE, Istock CA, Cohan FM.Bacillus sonorensis sp. nov. a close relative of Bacillus licheniformis, isolated from soil in the Sonoran Desert, Arizona. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2001; 51:1671-1679.
[16] Trappe JM. AB Frank and mycorrhizae: the challenge to evolutionary and ecologic theory. Mycorrhiza. 2005; 15:277-281.
[17] Singh J, Aneja KR (editors). From ethnomycology to fungal biotechnology: exploiting fungi from natural resources for novel products. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
[18] Harley JL. The significance of mycorrhiza. Mycological Research. 1989; 92:129-139.
[19] Yamuna J, Bagyaraj D, Ashwin R. Response of field bean to inoculation with PGPR Bacillus sonorensis and AM fungus Funneliformis mosseae. Journal of Soil Biology and Ecology. 2018; 38:104-111.
[20] Sarma BK, Yadav SK, Singh S, Singh HB. Microbial consortium-mediated plant defense against phytopathogens: readdressing for enhancing efficacy. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2015; 87:25-33.
[21] Porter, WM. The'Most Probable Number'method for enumerating infective propagules of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil. Soil Research. 1979; 17:515-519.
[22] Cochran WG. Estimation of bacterial densities by means of the "most probable number". Biometrics. 1950;6:105-116.
[23] Smith GS, Johnston CM, Cornforth IS. Comparison of nutrient solutions for growth of plants in sand culture. New phytologist. 1983; 94:537-48.
[24] Hatchell GE. Production of bare root seedlings. In: Proc. 3rd Bio. South S.I. Research Conf., 1985; 395-402.
[25] Abdul-Baki AA, Anderson JD. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria 1. Crop Science. 1973; 13:630-633.
[26] Maskina MS, Meelu OP, Roberts DL. Effect of organic and inorganic manuring on rice nurseries. Inst. Rice Res. Newslett. 1984; 9:265-75.
[27] Kjeldahl JG. Neue methode zur bestimmung des stickstoffs in organischen körpern. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry. 1883; 22:366-382.
[28] Jackson ML. Soil Chemical Analysis Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited M-97. New Delhi, India. 1973;498.
[29] Barnes RB, Richardson D, Berry JW, Hood RL. Flame photometry a rapid analytical procedure. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition. 1945;17:605-11.
[30] Aggarwal M. Experiment-32 Determination of Copper, Zinc, Lead and Cadmium in Food Products by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. 2018; IGNOU.
[31] Phillips JM Hayman DS. Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection. Transactions of the British mycological Society. 1970; 55:158-161.
[32] Gerdemann JW Nicolson TH. Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological society. 1963; 46:235-244.
[33] Johnson LF Curl EA. Methods for research on the ecology of soil-borne plant pathogens. Methods for research on the ecology of soil-borne plant pathogens. Minneapolis, Burgess Publishing Co.1972.
[34] Desai S, Bagyaraj DJ, Ashwin R. Inoculation with Microbial Consortium Promotes Growth of Tomato and Capsicum Seedlings Raised in Pro Trays. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 2019: 1-8.
[35] Liu S, Guo H, Xu J, Song Z, Song S, Tang J, Chen X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi differ in affecting the flowering of a host plant under two soil phosphorus conditions. Journal of Plant Ecology. 11;623-31.
[36] Takeno K. Stress-induced flowering: the third category of flowering response. Journal of Experimental Botany. 67(17);4925-34.
[37] Aboul-Nasr A. Effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza on Tagetes erecta and Zinnia elegans. Mycorrhiza. 1995;6:61-64.
[38] Heidari Z, Nazari Deljou MJ.Improvement of morpho-physiological traits and antioxidant capacity of zinnia (Zinnia elegance Dreamland Red) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae) inoculation. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research.2014; 2:2627-2631.
[39] Long LK, Yao Q, Huang YH, Yang RH, Guo J, Zhu HH. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on zinnia and the different colonization between Gigaspora and Glomus. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2010;26:1527-1531.
[40] Meyer JR, Linderman RG. Response of subterranean clover to dual inoculation with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a plant growth-promoting bacterium, Pseudomonas putida. Soil biology and biochemistry. 1986;18:185-190.
[41] Jha AK, Pal N, Saxena AK, Singh D, Jha GK. Coinoculation effect of AMF and PGPR on growth and yield of onion. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 2005;63:44-47.
[42] Albrechtova J, Latr A, Nedorost L, Pokluda R, Posta K, Vosatka M. Dual inoculation with mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi applicable in sustainable cultivation improves the yield and nutritive value of onion. The Scientific World Journal. 2012; 1-8.
[43] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Hemlata Chauhan, Anshu Beulah Ram, Ashwin R. Synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and plant growth promoting bacterium Bacillus sonorensis on growth, nutrient uptake and yield of chilly. Journal of Soil Biology and Ecology.2014;34:50-59
[44] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Rao MS. Selected microbial consortia developed for chilly reduces application of chemical fertilizers by 50% under field conditions. Scientia Horticulturae. 2016;198:27-35.
[45] Thilagar G, Bagyaraj DJ, Podile AR, Vaikuntapu PR.Bacillus sonorensis, a novel plant growth promoting rhizobacterium in improving growth, nutrition and yield of chilly (Capsicum annuum L.). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 2016;1-6.
[46] Anuroopa N, Bagyaraj DJ. Selection of an efficient plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for inoculating Withania somnifera. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research. 2017; 76:244-248
[47] Chauhan H, Bagyaraj DJ. Inoculation with selected microbial consortia not only enhances growth and yield of French bean but also reduces fertilizer application under field condition. Scientia Horticulturae. 2015;197:441-446.
[48] Sailo GL, Bagyaraj DJ. Influence of different AM-fungi on the growth, nutrition and forskolin content of Coleus forskohlii. Mycological Research. 2005; 109:795-798.
Published
29-03-2020
How to Cite
Sukeerthi, D., N. Nikhil Sai, R. Ashwin, and D. J. Bagyaraj. “Microbial Consortium Promotes Growth of Zinnia and Balsam Seedlings Raised in Pro Trays”. Journal of Floriculture and Landscaping, vol. 6, Mar. 2020, pp. 04-08, doi:10.25081/jfcls.2020.v6.6063.
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Section
Research Article
.