A Mini-review of Dengue Vaccine Development

Abstract

About 100 million dengue cases are reported annually and an estimated 2.5 billion people are susceptible to the infection mostly in the tropical regions. Dengue virus is a member of the Flavivirus genus and consists of four serotypes (DV-1, DV-2, DV-3, and DV- 4), each of which is capable of causing dengue fever and the more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. There is an urgent need to develop a safe and effective vaccine that induces protective immune response to all the four serotypes overcoming antibody dependent enhancement. At present there is no licensed vaccine or specific therapeutic measures for prevention or management of the fatal infection. This mini review outlines the different vaccine candidates that are at various stages of development.