Effect of corn (Zea mays L.) density on the yield and yield component of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L). Verdc) in woodland savannas of Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

Experiments are described in which the possible yield benefits of intercropping bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) Verdc) and corn (Zea mays L.) were determined under dryland conditions in Manfla (Côte d’Ivoire). A replacement series of sole crop bambara groundnut, 3/4 bambara groundnut and 1/4 corn (75B/25C), 1/2 bambara groundnut and 1/2 corn (50B/50C), 1/4 bambara groundnut and 3/4 corn (25B/75C) and sole crop corn were studied over three years period (2005, 2006 et 2007). Productivity of each intercropping systems was evaluated on the basis of yield and yield component. Grain yield advantage due to intercropping was assessed using the Land Equivalent Ratio. None of the intercropping systems was more productive in terms of grain yield than sole crops. The production of each system of association was evaluated on the basis of measurement relating to the output and the components of the output. The systems of association of cultures were more productive in term of production out of seeds than the pure cultures. Nevertheless, among the farming systems associated, associations in the row different are more productive than associations in the same row. Thus, one notices the productivity of the intercropping bambara groundnut-corn is more significant with the small proportions of corn. Farming association represents a system very adapted to the socio-economic conditions to which must face the farmers of the tropical areas. It guarantees stable outputs and gets also a diversified and permanent food.