Trade competitiveness of Indian cumin during the liberalized period: An economic analysis: Trade competitiveness of Indian cumin

Shilpa K Ramannagol; B H Nagoor

doi:10.25081/josac.2025.v34.i2.9941

Authors

Shilpa K Ramannagol Government First Grade College, Dharwad
B H Nagoor Karnatak University Dharwad

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25081/josac.2025.v34.i2.9941

Keywords:

Export, liberalisation, cumin, trade, competitiveness

Abstract

India holds a preeminent position in the world as the largest producer, exporter, and consumer of spices. The new economic policy, aimed at liberalizing various sectors, initiated by the Government of India in 1991 was a significant turning point for the spices sector as several spice commodities including cumin, benefitted from the policy shift. Considering the increasing global demand for cumin and India's dominant position in its cultivation and export, it is important to study the effects of trade liberalisation on export performance of cumin. In this study we analyze changes in production patterns, export trends and trade competitiveness. The findings shows that export value growth has overtaken export quantity, indicating enhanced profitability and improved global pricing and it suggests that trade liberalization has substantially enhanced cumin export performance by reducing trade barriers, increasing market access, and fostering competitiveness, allowing India to consolidate its dominant position in the global cumin trade.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Angles S 2001 Production and export of turmeric in South India – An economic analysis. PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Dharwad.

Angles S, Sundar A & Chinnadurai M 2011 Impact of globalization on production and export of turmeric in India – An economic analysis. Agric. Econ. Res. Rev. 24(2): 301–308.

Anonymous 2022 Available at: http://indianspices.com

Babu P H 2017 Export performance of spices in India: An empirical study. Parikalpana: KIIT J. Manage. 13(1): 66–74.

Bhagwati J & Srinivasan T N 1993 Trade liberalization and growth: The evidence. World Bank Econ. Rev. 7(1): 1–24.

Chaitra G B & Sonnad J S 2019 Export performance of chilli and cumin from India: An empirical analysis. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 8(2): 2014–2020.

Chaitra G B & Sonnad J S 2022 Export performance of coriander from India: An empirical analysis. Indian J. Econ. Dev. 18(3): 681–688.

FAO 2024 FAOSTAT database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available at: https://www.fao.org/faostat.

Government of India 2024 Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare reports and publications. Available at: https://agricoop.gov.in.

Government of India 2024 Ministry of Commerce and Industry trade data and reports. Available at: https://commerce.gov.in.

Ibrahim Y C & Arunachalam P 2015 Export performance of Indian spices in the WTO regime: A disaggregated analysis. PhD Thesis, Cochin University of Science and Technology.

IndiaStat 2024 Statistical database on India. Available at: https://www.indiastat.com

International Monetary Fund 2024 World Economic Outlook database. Available at: https://www.imf.org.

Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare Various years Horticultural statistics at a glance. Government of India

Ministry of Commerce & Industry Various years Spice statistics at a glance. Government of India

Meena R D, Baranwal V K, Lal G, Sharma Y K, Meena S S & Meena N K 2022 First report of vanilla distortion mosaic virus on cumin (Cuminum cyminum) in India. J. Plant Pathol. 104: 877.

Meena M D, Lal G, Meena S S & Meena N K 2018 Production and export performances of major seed spices in India during pre and post-WTO period.

Meena M D, Lal G, Meena S S, Lal S & Chaudhary N 2019 Seed spices export from India: Prospects and constraints. Int. J. Seed Spices 9(2): 12–20.

Nagoor B H 2008 World trade organization and India’s agricultural exports: Performance and prospects. PhD Thesis.

Nagoor B H 2009 Performance of India’s tea exports: A comparative study of major tea exporting countries of the world. IGIDR Project Rep. Ser. PP-062-21.

Parashar M, Jakhar M L & Malik C P 2014 Biotechnology and genetic diversity in cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Life Sci. 4(4): L17–L34.

Raziya M 2022 Impact of WTO on spices with special reference to pepper and cardamom.

Reserve Bank of India 2024 Database on Indian economy. Available at: https://www.rbi.org.in

Sakamma S 2009 Export trade of major spices of India: An economic analysis. PhD Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore.

Shivakumar S I, Shahapurkar A A, Kalmath K V & Shivakumar B 2010 Anti-inflammatory activity of fruits of Cuminum cyminum. Der Pharma Lett. 2(1): 22–24.

Spices Board of India 2024 Official website. Available at: https://www.indianspices.com

Thomas L & Sanil P C 2019 Competitiveness in spice export trade from India: A review. J. Spices Aromat. Crops 28(1):01-19.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development 2024 Trade and development reports. Available at: https://unctad.org.

World Trade Organization 2024 Trade statistics and research database. Available at: https://www.wto.org.

Yogesh M S & Mokshapathy S 2014 Growth of Indian export and import of spices. Int. J. Humanit. Arts Med. Sci. 2(9): 41–46.

Zohary D & Hopf M 2000 Domestication of Plants in the Old World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Trade competitiveness of Indian cumin during the liberalized period: An economic analysis