Comparative analysis of early root system architecture in Piper nigrum L. varieties and related Piper species
Early root system architecture in Piper nigrum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25081/josac.2025.v34.i2.9939Keywords:
Root system architecture (RSA), Piper colubrinum, P. chaba, P. nigrumAbstract
Root system architecture (RSA) helps to understand the plant growth, development, and adaptations. The RSA of P. nigrum (Var. Pournami), P. colubrinum, P. chaba, and 13 P. nigrum varieties was studied at the nursery stage to understand variations within and between species. P. colubrinum had a robust root system with the highest root length (44.90 ± 7.14 cm) and root spreads (50.23 ± 9.82 cm). Variety, Panniyur-5 (6.70± 0.10 g), recorded the highest root weight, and the longest root was in IISR Malabar Excel (33.10 ± 6.44 cm) and Pournami (32.55 ± 3.75 cm). A significant variation was observed in the number of primary and secondary roots and the number of vessel cells of the varieties. The widest vascular stele was observed in IISR Shakthi (58.73 ± 1.27a µm). The study elucidates variability in roots during the early stages of growth that gives insights of natural adaptations of the Piper plants.
Downloads
References
Albuquerque FC 1968 Piper colubrinum Link: Graft holder for Piper nigrum L. resistant to diseases caused by Phytophthora palmivora Butl. and Fusarium solani f. piperi. Technical Bulletin, IPEAN 48: 141–145.
Andresen M, Dresboll D, Jensen L, Magid J & Thorup-Kristensen K 2016 Cultivar differences in spatial root distribution during early growth in soil and its relation to nutrient uptake – a study of wheat, onion and lettuce. Plant and Soil 408: 95–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2932-z
Anyanee B & Poomipark N 2020 Protective effect of piperine from Piper chaba fruits on LPS-induced inflammation in human intestinal cell line. J. Med. Plant Res. 14(9): 438–444. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2020.6996
Dubrovsky J G, Fukaki H, Laplaze L & Laskowski M 2019 Editorial: Root branching: From lateral root primordium initiation and morphogenesis to function. Front. Plant Sci. 10: 1462. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01462
Garnett T, Conn V & Kaiser B N 2009 Root-based approaches to improving nitrogen use efficiency in plants. Plant Cell Environ. 32(9): 1272–1283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02011.x
Kadam N N, Yin X, Bindraban P S, Struik P C & Jagadish K S 2015 Does morphological and anatomical plasticity during the vegetative stage make wheat more tolerant of water deficit stress than rice? Plant Physiol. 167: 1389–1401
Kelkar S M & Krishnamurthy K V 1998 Adventitious shoot regeneration from root, internode, petiole and leaf explants of Piper colubrinum Link. Plant Cell Rep. 17: 721–725. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002990050472
Krishnamoorthy B & Parthasarathy V A 2009 Improvement of black pepper. CAB Rev. Perspect. Agric. Vet. Sci. Nutr. Nat. Resour. 4: 085. https://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR20094085
Krishnamurthy K S, Ankegowda S J, Umadevi P & Johnson George K 2016 Black pepper and water stress. In: Srinivasa Rao N K, Shivashankara K S & Laxman R H (Eds.) Abiotic Stress Physiology of Horticultural Crops. Springer, India, pp. 321–332
Lynch J 1995 Root architecture and plant productivity. Plant Physiol. 109(1): 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.1.7
Narwade A, Gopinath P P et al. 2026 RAISINS: Integrating R and AI for agricultural data analysis (Version 2.2.0) [Software]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15622128
Naz T, Mosaddik A & Haque M 2008 Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of root extracts of Piper chaba. J. Sci. Res. 1: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1446
Parthasarathy V A, Sasikumar B, Nair R R & George K J 2007 Black pepper: Botany and horticulture. Hortic. Rev. 33: 173–266
Prakash K M, Joseph J, Santhoshkumar A V & Neeraja P 2020 Morphological characterization of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) accessions from Kerala. Indian J. Plant Genet. Resour. 33: 352–359. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2020.00049.2
Raghavan R, Elumalai S, Babu K N & Jayaraman P 2010 Anatomy of three Piper nigrum genotypes with respect to Phytophthora foot rot disease. Biosci. Biotechnol. Res. Asia 7(2): 1–6
Ravindran P N & Remashree A B 1998 Anatomy of Piper colubrinum Link. J. Spices Aromat. Crops 7(2): 111–123
Ravindran P N, Babu K N, Sasikumar B & Krishnamurthy K S 2000 Botany and crop improvement of black pepper. In: Black Pepper. CRC Press, pp. 43–164
Ro N Y, Haile M, Hur O S, Geum B R, Rhee J H, Hwang A, Kim B S, Lee J B, Hahn B S, Lee J & Kang B C 2022 Genome-wide association study of resistance to Phytophthora capsici in the pepper (Capsicum spp.) collection. Front. Plant Sci. 13: 902464. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.902464
Sen S & Rengaian G 2022 A review on the ecology, evolution and conservation of Piper (Piperaceae) in India: Future directions and opportunities. Bot. Rev. 88: 333–358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-021-09269-9
Shethi K J, Rashid P, Begum M & Rahman M O 2019 Morphoanatomical profile of five species of Piper L. from Bangladesh and its taxonomic significance. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 26: 57–68. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v26i1.41917
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2026 S R Maneesha, P Jaseera Nasreen, Sharon Aravind
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
.