Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial potential of Bauhinia tomentosa leaf extracts
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25081/jp.2024.v16.8456Keywords:
Bauhinia tomentosa, Phytochemicals, GCMS, Ethanol, Acetone extracts, Human healthAbstract
Herbal medications have high demand in both advanced and budding nations because of their increased bioavailability and minimal side effects. In the present study, the ethanolic and acetone extracts from Bauhinia tomentosa leaf were investigated for their antibacterial potential against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and yeast (Candida albicans). Phytochemical examination revealed the presence of diverse secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins in leaf extracts. GC-MS analysis detected 15 chemical constituents in the extracts, with the major compounds such as 2-Phenyl-1-3- Oxazol, Caryophyllne, dodecanoic acid, d-glycero-d-galacto-haptose, Phytol, Tetradecanoic acid, 1-Hexacosanol, Isophytol, Oleic acid, 7H-Purine-2-amine,7-methyl, and eicosane. Antibiotics study have been used to explore drug resistance in pathogens. These extracts exhibited concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. The acetone displayed higher antibacterial activity than the ethanol extract, which could be attributed to the efficiency of the solvent extract in extracting the bioactive compounds. The findings of this study offer valuable information regarding the phytochemical composition and antibacterial potential of B. tomentosa leaf extract. The bioactive compounds identified through GC-MS analysis may be responsible for the observed antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the leaf extracts were non-toxic, and their potent antibacterial effects may be attributed to the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents. Future studies may contribute to the development of B. tomentosa based antimicrobial agents with potential therapeutic applications.
Downloads
References
Abirami, K., & Maghimaa, M. (2019). Phytochemical Screening and bioactivity of Zingiber officinale to combat the multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens using foldscope. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology, 40(2), 67-74.
Aziz, M. A. (2015). Qualitative phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of Microcos paniculata barks and fruits. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 13(3), 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-4964(15)60179-0
Baburam, S., Shanmugam, G., & Mathanmohun, M. (2022). Isolation and determination of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from clinical samples. Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 13(1), 167-172.
Balabhaskar, R., & Vijayalakshmi, K. (2021). Identification of Secondary Metabolites from the ethanol extract of the leaves of Bauhinia tomentosa by GC-MS Analysis. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 14(5), 2735-2741. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00482
Benmehdi, H., Hasnaoui, O., Benali, O., & Salhi, F. (2012). Phytochemical investigation of leaves and fruits extracts of Chamaerops humilis L. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 3(2), 320-337.
Breidenstein, E. B. M., de la Fuente-Núñez, C., & Hancock, R. E. W. (2011). Pseudomonas aeruginosa: All roads lead to resistance. Trends in Microbiology, 19(8), 419-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2011.04.005
Chanda, W., Manyepa, M., Chikwanda, E., Daka, V., Chileshe, J., Tembo, M., Kasongo, J., Chipipa, A., Handema, R., & Mulemena, J. A. (2019). Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from routine laboratory specimens at Ndola Teaching Hospital: A retrospective study. Plos One, 14(12), e0226676. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226676
Evans, M., Wilson, D., & Guthrie, N. (2014). A Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study to evaluate the effect of whole grape extract on antioxidant status and lipid profile. Journal of Functional Foods, 7, 680-691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2013.12.017
Gautam, G. K., Mishra, S. S., Kumar, A., Mishra, S. K., &Gupta, S. D. (2012). Phytochemical evaluation of the ethanolic extracts of Bauhinia tomentosa Linn. (Root). International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, 3(5), 1675-1676.
Gopalakrishnan, S., & Vadivel, E. (2011). Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the bark of Bauhinia tomentosa Linn. Pharma Science Monitor, 2(3S1), S-103-S-109.
Harbourne, J. B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. (5th ed.). London, UK: Chapman & Hall Ltd.
Janaki, A., Kaleena, P. K., Elumalai, D., Velu, K., Babu, M., Ravi, S., Hemavathi, M., & Arulvasu, C. (2018). Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis: In vitro studies of antioxidant and anticancer activity of Bauhinia tomentosa (L.) leaf extracts. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(5), 2403-2410.
Kabeerdass, N., Kandasamy, S., Albasher, G., Alamri, O., Alsultan, N., Thangaswamy, S., & Mathanmohun, M. (2022a). Limonia acidissima leaf mediated gold nanoparticles synthesis and their antimicrobial and wound healing properties. Materials Letters, 314, 131893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2022.131893
Kabeerdass, N., Krishnamoorthy, S., Anbazhagan, M., Srinivasan, R., Nachimuthu, S., Rajendran, M., & Mathanmohun, M. (2021). Screening, detection and antimicrobial susceptibility of multi-drug resistant pathogens from the clinical specimens. Materials Today: Proceedings, 47, 461-467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.018
Kabeerdass, N., Thangasamy, S., Murugesan, K., Arumugam, N., Almansour, A. I., Kumar, R. S., Velmurugan, P., Vijayanand, S., Nooruddin, T., Mohanavel, V., Sivakumar, S., & Mathanmohun, M. (2022b). Embedding green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles in cotton fabrics and assessment of their antibacterial wound healing and cytotoxic properties: An eco-friendly approach. Green Processing and Synthesis, 11(1), 875-885. https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0072
Kancherla, N., Dhakshinamoothi, A., Chitra, K., & Komaram, R. B. (2019). Preliminary analysis of phytoconstituents and evaluation of anthelminthic property of Cayratia auriculata (in vitro). Maedica, 14(4), 350-356.
Koo, H. B., & Seo, J. (2021). Antimicrobial peptides under clinical investigation. PeptideScience, 111(5), e24155. https://doi.org/10.1002/pep2.24122
Liu, W., Ma, H., Frost, L., Yuan, T., Dain, J. A., & Seeram, N. P. (2014). Pomegranate phenolics inhibit formation of advanced glycation end products by scavenging reactive carbonyl species. Food and Function, 5(11), 2996-3004. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4fo00538d
Maghimaa, M., & Alharbi, S. A. (2020). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Curcuma longa L. and coating on the cotton fabrics for antimicrobial applications and wound healing activity. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 204, 111806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111806
María, R., Shirley, M., Xavier, C., Jaime, S., David, V., Rosa, S., & Jodie, D. (2018). Preliminary phytochemical screening, total phenolic content and antibacterial activity of thirteen native species from Guayas Province Ecuador. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 30(4), 500-505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2017.03.009
Neena, A., Mohanan, M., & Thomas, B. (2018). Evaluation and comparison of antibacterial properties of three species of Bauhinia (Caesalpiniaceae). Journal of Pharmaceutical Advanced Research, 1(9), 386-390.
Pachori, P., Gothalwal, R., & Gandhi, P. (2019). Emergence of antibiotic resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa in intensive care unit; a critical review. Genes & Diseases, 6(2), 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2019.04.001
Patil, M. S., Chittam, K. P., & Patil, S. B. (2021). Phytochemical screening of Sesbania grandiflora L. bark. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 10(4), 153-158.
Renganathan, S., Subramaniyan, S., Karunanithi, N., Vasanthakumar, P., Kutzner, A., Kim, P.-S., & Heese, K. (2021). Antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from Bauhinia tomentosa Linn. Antioxidants, 10(12), 1959. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121959
Singh, A., Kaur, J., & Kapoor, M. (2023). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial potential of Methanol, Ethanol and aqueous extracts from Seed, Bark and Leaf of Bauhinia tomentosa L. Agricultural Science Digest, 43(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.D-5579
Vakayil, R., Anbazhagan, M., Shanmugam, G., Ramasamy, S., & Mathanmohun, M. (2021a). Molecular docking and in vitro analysis of phytoextracts from B. Serrata for antibacterial activities. Bioinformation, 17(7), 667-672. https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630017667
Vakayil, R., Ramasamy, S., Alahmadi, T. A., Almoallim, H. S., Natarajan, N., & Mathanmohun, M. (2022). Boswellia serrata-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles-coated cotton fabrics for the wound healing and antibacterial applications against nosocomial pathogens. Applied Nanoscience, 12, 2873-2887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-022-02573-9
Zhang, J., Onakpoya, I. J., Posadzki, P., & Eddouks, M. (2015). The safety of herbal medicine: From prejudice to evidence. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015, 316706. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/316706
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Subana Suyambumani, Jeevan Pandiyan, Ling Shing Wong, Sinouvassane Djearamane, Maghimaa Mathanmohun, Suresh Sagadevan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
.