Preeclampsia Biomarkers - The quest goes on
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21839/jmhsr.2019.v2i1.289Keywords:
Preeclampsia, Biomarkers, PAPP-A, PLGF, SfltAbstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy and a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is recently attributed to maternal endothelial dysfunction. The quest for ideal biomarker goes on. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), Placental growth Factor (PLGF) and sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) are the new biomarkers that hold promise for future. We present a short review on current biomarkers that would enable us to diagnose PE timely leading to reduced maternal morbidity and mortality , justifying the saying, ‘ a stitch in time saves nine’.
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References
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Luft, F.C. (2014). Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 85(2), 238–240.
Maynard, S.E., Min, J.Y., Merchan, J., Lim, K.H., Li, J., Mondal, S., Libermann, T.A., Morgan, J.P., Sellke, F.W., Stillman, I.E., Epstein, F.H., Sukhatme, V.P., and Karumanchi, S.A. (2003). Excess placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and proteinuria in preeclampsia. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 111(5), 649–658.
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Redman, C.W., and Sargent, I.L. (2005). Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia. Science, 308(5728), 1592-1594.
Roberts, J.M., and Hubel, C.A. (2009). The two stage model of preeclampsia: variations on the theme. Placenta, 30, 32-37.
Sargent, I.L., Germain, S.J., Sacks, G.P., Kumar, S., and Redman, C.W. (2003). Trophoblast deportation and the maternal inflammatory response in pre-eclampsia. Journal of reproductive immunology, 59(2), 153-160.
Stepan, H., Geide, A., and Faber, R. (2004). Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1. The New England Journal of Medicine, 351(21), 2241–2242.
Thadhani, R., Mutter, W.P., Wolf, M., Levine, R.J., Taylor, R.N., Sukhatme, V.P., Ecker, J., and Karumanchi, S.A. (2004). "First trimester placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and risk for preeclampsia. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 89(2), 770–775.
Wright, D., Akolekar, R., Syngelaki, A., Poon, L.C., and Nicolaides, K.H. (2012). A competing risks model in early screening for preeclampsia. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 32, 171–178.
Wright, D., Syngelaki, A., Bradbury, I., Akolekar, R., and Nicolaides, K.H. (2014). First-trimester screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 by ultrasound and biochemical testing. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 35, 118–126.
Ambati, B.K., Nozaki, M., Singh, N., Takeda, A., Jani, P.D., Suthar, T., Albuquerque, R.J., Richter, E., Sakurai, E., Newcomb, M.T., Kleinman, M.E., Caldwell, R.B., Lin, Q., Ogura, Y., Orecchia, A., Samuelson, D.A., Agnew, D.W., St Leger, J., Green, W.R., Mahasreshti, P.J., Curiel, D.T., Kwan, D., Marsh, H., Ikeda, S., Leiper, L.J., Collinson, J.M., Bogdanovich, S., Khurana, T.S., Shibuya, M., Baldwin, M.E., Ferrara, N., Gerber, H.P., De Falco, S., Witta, J., Baffi, J.Z., Raisler, B.J., and Ambati, J. (2006). "Corneal avascularity is due to soluble VEGF receptor-1. Nature, 443 (7114), 9937.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2013). Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’task force on hypertension in pregnancy. Obstetrics and gynecology, 122(5), 1122.
Bersinger, N.A., Smárason, A.K., Muttukrishna, S., Groome, N.P., and Redman, C.W. (2003). Women with preeclampsia have increased serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), inhibin A, activin A and soluble E-selectin. Hypertens Pregnancy, 22, 45–55.
Crispi, F., Llurba, E., Domínguez, C., Martín-Gallán, P., Cabero, L., and Gratacós, E. (2008). Predictive value of angiogenic factors and uterine artery Doppler for early- versus late-onset preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 31, 303–309.
Erez, O., Romero, R., Espinoza, J., Fu, W., Todem, D., Kusanovic, J.P., Gotsch, F., Edwin, S., Nien, J.K., Chaiworapongsa, T., Mittal, P., Mazaki-Tovi, S., Than, N.G., Gomez, R., Hassan, S.S. (2008). The change in concentrations of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in maternal plasma between the first and second trimesters in risk assessment for the subsequent development of preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 21, 279–287.
Hirashima, C., Ohkuchi, A., Arai, F., Takahashi, K., Suzuki, H., Watanabe, T., Kario, K., Matsubara, S., and Suzuki, M. (2005). Establishing reference values for both total soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and free placental growth factor in pregnant women. Hypertension Research, 28(9), 727–732.
Hoffman, B., Horsager, R., Roberts, S., Rogers, V., and Worley, K. (2011). Williams Obstetrics 23rd Edition. New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, Hypertension in pregnancy. Pp 709-715.
Kagan, K.O., Wright, D., Spencer, K., Molina, F.S., Nicolaides, K.H. 2008. First trimesterscreening for trisomy 21 by free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A: impact of maternal an pregnancy characteristics. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 31,493–502.
Khalil, A., Muttukrishna, S., Harrington, K., and Jauniaux, E. (2008). Effect of antihypertensive therapy with alpha methyldopa on levels of angiogenic factors in pregnancies with hypertensive disorders. PLOS One, 3(7): e2766.
Kleinrouweler, C.E., Wiegerinck, M.M., Ris-Stalpers, C., Bossuyt, P.M., van der Post, J,A.,von Dadelszen, P., Mol, B.W., and Pajkrt, E. (2012). Accuracy of circulating placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and soluble endoglin in the prediction of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG, 119(7), 778-787.
Krauss, T., Pauer, H.U., and Augustin, H.G. (2004). Prospective analysis of placenta growth factor (PlGF) concentrations in the plasma of women with normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy, 23, 101–111.
Lai, J., Garcia-Tizon Larroca, S., Peeva, G., Poon, L.C., Wright, D., Nicolaides, K.H. (2014). Competing risks model in screening for preeclampsia by serum placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 at 30–33 weeks’ gestation. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 35(4):240-248.
Levine, R.J., Maynard, S.E., Qian, C., Lim, K.H., England, L.J., Yu, K.F., Schisterman, E.F., Thadhani, R., Sachs, B.P., Epstein, F.H., Sibai, B.M., Sukhatme, V.P., and Karumanchi, S.A. (2004). Circulating angiogenic factors and the risk of preeclampsia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 350(7), 672–683.
Lorentzen, B., and Henriksen, T. (1998). Plasma lipids and vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. Seminars in Reproductive Endocrinology, 16(1), 33-39.
Luft, F.C. (2014). Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 85(2), 238–240.
Maynard, S.E., Min, J.Y., Merchan, J., Lim, K.H., Li, J., Mondal, S., Libermann, T.A., Morgan, J.P., Sellke, F.W., Stillman, I.E., Epstein, F.H., Sukhatme, V.P., and Karumanchi, S.A. (2003). Excess placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and proteinuria in preeclampsia. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 111(5), 649–658.
Polliotti, B.M., Fry, A.G., Saller, D.N., Mooney, R.A., Cox, C., Miller, R.K. (2003). Second-trimester maternal serum placental growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor for predicting severe, early-onset preeclampsia. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 101, 1266–1274.
Poon, L.C, and Nicolaides, K.H. (2014). First-trimester maternal factors and biomarker screening for preeclampsia. Prenatal Diagnosis, 34, 618–627.
Redman, C.W., and Sargent, I.L. (2005). Latest advances in understanding preeclampsia. Science, 308(5728), 1592-1594.
Roberts, J.M., and Hubel, C.A. (2009). The two stage model of preeclampsia: variations on the theme. Placenta, 30, 32-37.
Sargent, I.L., Germain, S.J., Sacks, G.P., Kumar, S., and Redman, C.W. (2003). Trophoblast deportation and the maternal inflammatory response in pre-eclampsia. Journal of reproductive immunology, 59(2), 153-160.
Stepan, H., Geide, A., and Faber, R. (2004). Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1. The New England Journal of Medicine, 351(21), 2241–2242.
Thadhani, R., Mutter, W.P., Wolf, M., Levine, R.J., Taylor, R.N., Sukhatme, V.P., Ecker, J., and Karumanchi, S.A. (2004). "First trimester placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and risk for preeclampsia. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 89(2), 770–775.
Wright, D., Akolekar, R., Syngelaki, A., Poon, L.C., and Nicolaides, K.H. (2012). A competing risks model in early screening for preeclampsia. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 32, 171–178.
Wright, D., Syngelaki, A., Bradbury, I., Akolekar, R., and Nicolaides, K.H. (2014). First-trimester screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 by ultrasound and biochemical testing. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 35, 118–126.
Published
21-04-2019
How to Cite
Kaur, B., and R. Sareen. “Preeclampsia Biomarkers - The Quest Goes on”. Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences Research, vol. 2, Apr. 2019, pp. 11-13, doi:10.21839/jmhsr.2019.v2i1.289.
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Section
Review Articles
.