Biological and in vitro effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica) extract on second and third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura

Authors

  • Zohaib Afzal Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Shabar Hussain Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Arif Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Ahmed Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Usama Iqbal Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Ikram Ullah Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Waqas Haider Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Behroz Fazal Hashmi Department of Entomology, Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan, Punjab, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25081/ia.2022.v5.8164

Keywords:

Spodoptera litura, Azadirachta indica, Euclyptus globulus, Bio-pesticides, Pakistan

Abstract

Spodoptera litura is a major threat to agricultural crops all over the world including Pakistan. It has developed resistance to several chemicals, especially synthetic insecticides. Plant based chemicals like extracts may serve as suitable and alternative biocontrol methods for pests in the future. The current study was conducted to determine the biology of S. litura on cabbage and the effects of two botanicals i.e. Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus against 2nd and 3rd instar larvae in controlled conditions. The incubation period of pest was 3-4 days. The average mean developmental period of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th larval instar was 2.44±0.71, 2.32±0.74, 3.43±0.68, 2.76±0.80, and 2.40±0.79 days, respectively. The pre-ovipositional, and ovipositional period of females was 2.04-3.58 and 2.89-5.71 days respectively. The total life cycle of pests was 30.83-38.79 days. Significantly higher mortality of 2nd and 3rd instar larvae was recorded in A. indica. The percentage of mortality increased with an increase in treatment time.

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Published

26-12-2022

Issue

Volume 5, 2022

Section

Articles

Copyright (c) 2022 Zohaib Afzal, Shabar Hussain, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Ahmed, Usama Iqbal, Ikram Ullah, Waqas Haider, Muhammad Behroz Fazal Hashmi

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