Synchronous fruit splitting in nutmeg using plant growth regulators

Abstract

In this study, a simple technique with hormone treatment was developed for synchronous splitting (ripening) of nutmeg fruits. The methodology involves harvesting physiologically mature fruits, dipping the harvested fruits in 500 ppm ethrel (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid) solution for 10 minutes, and then storing them in shade. By this method, 90 to 100 per cent fruits split in 18 to 20 hours. Width of the split which helps in easy separation of nut from fruit pericarp was on par with that of naturally split fruits. The dry recovery, nut to mace ratio and fresh and dry weight of the nut and mace of the treated fruits were comparable with naturally split fruits. The intrinsic quality i.e., oil, oleoresin and moisture content of nut and mace of treated fruits were on par with that of naturally split fruits. This indicates that nut and mace of treated fruits had similar physical and intrinsic quality parameters as that of naturally split fruits. The advantage of the method is that it is very effective in preventing aflatoxin (mycotoxin) contamination of nut and mace due to soil contact of naturally split fruits that fall on the ground. The method for synchronous fruit splitting in nutmeg is very simple and can be easily practiced by farmers. It also saves time, labour and money both for harvesting and processing of nutmeg. The cost of ethrel treatment would be around ` 800 per ton of fruit. This is the first report on the induction of synchronous and uniform fruit splitting (ripening) of pre-split harvested fruits in nutmeg.